Non-celiac gluten/wheat sensitivity (NCGS)

Symptoms Associated with Gluten/Wheat Sensitivity

Gluten/wheat sensitivity presents with non-specific symptoms that closely resemble those of celiac disease, wheat allergy, or irritable bowel syndrome. These symptoms may affect both gastrointestinal and systemic functions.

Gluten sensitivity: diverse symptoms, dynamic progression

Symptoms of gluten/wheat sensitivity vary widely among individuals. While gastrointestinal issues such as bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and reflux are common, many individuals also experience extraintestinal manifestations including headaches, cognitive difficulties (commonly referred to as 'brain fog'), chronic fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and dermatological changes.

Symptoms may appear individually or in combination and can fluctuate in intensity. Often, symptoms emerge hours or even days after wheat consumption, complicating the identification of dietary triggers. Many individuals report intermittent symptom patterns with symptom-free intervals.

Due to the clinical variability, a thorough and structured symptom history is essential for distinguishing gluten/wheat sensitivity from other gluten-related disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, or wheat allergy.

Gastrointestinal symptoms of gluten sensitivity

Common gastrointestinal symptoms associated with gluten/wheat sensitivity include:

Flatulence
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Nausea
Reflux

These symptoms are typically non-specific and may be accompanied by altered bowel habits, such as alternating constipation and diarrhea. Research indicates that gastrointestinal symptoms are more prevalent than systemic manifestations.

Extraintestinal manifestations of gluten sensitivity

Extraintestinal symptoms of gluten/wheat sensitivity may include:

Headaches
"Foggy mind" (concentration problems)
Chronic fatigue
Joint and muscle pain

Skin changes (e.g., eczema, dermatitis)
Depression
Neurological symptoms
Anemia

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